电子设计实践11月3日第一至二节

If this is the case, what we can do have the break then we come back to 9 a.m. you guys start. So next one hour will be tutorial. So just you work on yesterday template of this assessment of personal development plan. I will be still here. If you have any question. just let me know, okay? Let's start the breakout.

如果是这样，我们可以采取什么措施来打破这种局面呢？那么，我们回到上午9点。大家开始吧。接下来的一个小时是辅导时间。大家就按照昨天提供的个人发展计划评估模板来完成。我会一直在这里。如果大家有任何问题，尽管问。告诉我一声，好吗？那我们开始分组讨论吧。

always the silence.

总是沉默不语。

Another criteria for this assessment is very simple. So it is just this in next hour. So any question about the personal development plan assessment? Any questions here?

这项评估的另一个标准非常简单。所以，就是这接下来一个小时的内容。那么，关于个人发展计划评估，大家有什么问题吗？这里有问题吗？

All right, of course, this is our six point. This is our lecture strategy. You guys really work on this. We will watch this. I think this is total 10% of us. It's 10% of 5% of another part. And we will give the marks for this. So you need to save this as a PDF. upload to campus. In order to get the mark. Okay? And let's see the excellent one. The excellent one is, you can see, excellent evidence of skills. and self-readings. And we also give the time screen understanding for each section. That is the planning. That is how you plan for your next year. So we must have this kind of planning. That is the beginning.

好的，当然，这是我们的第六点。这是我们的教学策略。大家真的要好好落实这一点。我们会关注的。我认为这占总分的10%。是另一部分5%的10%。我们会为此打分。所以，你需要把它保存为PDF格式。然后上传到校园平台。这样才能拿到分数。明白吗？接下来，我们来看一下优秀的作品。大家可以看到，优秀的作品是，展现了出色的技能证据。还有自我反思。我们还会为每个部分提供时间线的理解。那就是规划。这就是你如何规划明年。所以我们必须要有这种规划。这就是起点。

so this is something we like to just share some main topic. about the so in here we will provide a document, that is we prepared for you. so let's start. this will be on the head of your document, professional development plan. so after this course, next one hour, what you can do is upload this document. from the canvas. because then I need program university date. so always remember your date. so in here what we will do is first you need to think about yourself. go back to the first one. I think we are talking about writing communications skills. how is your writing skills in English? so you will reach your current level. from one to ten. one is the lowest, but ten is highest. I think most of you guys probably around the five, right? four, five, six, around this. If you are really bad, you will rate yourself as one. so you really need to think about improve your English. I don't think people will attend this. so rate yourself first. and the most important here is we would like you to make a plan. to improve your skills. so this is in the following page you will see. for example, from the first one, you will write communication, right? so you will give the examples why you write that. as example five. for example, you already write some report for our company. you already join some English competition. there's a silver or gold medal, blah blah blah, this stuff. so you put it here. in the next row, how you plan to improve your reading. that is the key thing. we would like you make a plan for next one year to improve this skills. and at the end of the row, you need put a number of the rating. but you want to achieve. for example, for writing competition, you want to achieve maybe probably seven or eight. for next one years. That is your target. and repeat this for different skills. So in here, we also put about the oral communication, planning, organization, and problem solving. This is something we discussed before. So do this individually. The key point is we would like you keep the evidence. and the planning in here. Please don't just put the rate in here. that is meaningless. we would like to see evidence. and the next year plan. As we discussed initially, this is a continual progress. So maybe next year you can take this document five times. and read this information again. make the second stage better. Okay, that's clear?

好的，这就是我们想要分享的一些主要内容。关于赫瑞瓦特的。在这里，我们会提供一份文档，是我们为大家准备好的。那么，我们开始吧。这就是你文档的标题：职业发展计划。那么，在这门课程之后，接下来的一个小时，你可以做的是，上传这份文档。从Canvas平台上传。因为这样我才能知道项目的具体日期。所以，一定要记住你的日期。那么，在这里我们要做的是，首先你需要思考一下自己。让我们回到第一点。我认为我们在讨论的是写作和沟通技巧。你的英语写作能力如何？这样你就能达到你目前的水平。从1到10分。1分是最低分，10分是最高分。我想你们大多数人大概都在5分左右，对吧？4、5、6分，差不多这个范围。如果你真的很差，你会给自己打1分。所以，你真的需要思考如何提高你的英语水平。我觉得没人会给自己打10分。所以，先给自己打个分吧。而这里最重要的一点是，我们希望你们制定一个计划。来提升你的技能。这一点在下一页你会看到。比如，从第一个开始，你会写沟通，对吧？然后你要给出例子，说明你为什么这么写。比如第五个。比如说，你已经为公司写过一些报告。你也参加过一些英语竞赛。比如获得了银奖或金奖之类的。所以，你就把它写在这里。在下一行，你要写如何提高自己的阅读能力。这才是关键。我们希望你能制定一个未来一年的计划，来提升这项技能。在这一行的末尾，你需要写一个数字，来表示你的评分。也就是你想要达到的目标。比如，对于写作比赛，你可能希望达到七分或八分。在未来的一年里。这就是你的目标。然后对不同的技能重复这个过程。在这里，我们还列出了口头沟通、计划组织，以及问题解决。这些是我们之前讨论过的内容。所以，请大家独立完成。关键在于，我们希望你们保持证据。以及这里的计划。请不要只把分数写在这里。那没有意义。我们希望看到证据。还有下一年的计划。正如我们一开始讨论的，这是一个持续进步的过程。所以，也许明年你们可以拿这份文件五次。再仔细阅读一遍。这样能让第二阶段做得更好。好的，明白了吗？

I think the last one we highlight that you can use the flexibility. so this is using the extra hours at the work. when need. I think for most of the Asian students, this is no problem. and also go through extra miles. for your goals. so this is the flexibilities in here. you need to think about how flexibility for you guys. for example, if you really have some challenging at work, the way is maybe let it go. so don't just focus on your initial task, but you also need to be a little flexible in here.

我认为最后一点，我们要强调的是，你可以利用灵活性。也就是说，在工作中利用额外的时间。这是根据需要。我认为对于大多数亚洲学生来说，这没什么问题。而且还要付出额外的努力。为了实现你的目标。所以，这就是这里的灵活性。你们需要思考一下，这对你们来说意味着怎样的灵活性。比如，如果你在工作中真的遇到了一些挑战，解决办法可能是，放手去做。所以，不要只专注于最初的任务，在这里你也需要具备一定的灵活性。

The last one I want to highlight is leadership. So this is something I want to spend a little bit of time here. So leadership is, for example, the first one is that you have to care about the motivation. So you need to have basic your teamwork. This is quite normal when you have a small team, five, six people. some guys just stand next to you. do nothing. You probably, the main guy, do all the hard work. Actually, that is not good. You need to convince your teammates and motivate them to involve in the to the work. to achieve a higher target. The next one is establishing the goals. And as I said, people's students play a role in their team. So probably you can arrange some task for the other students, not in your team. This is in the CV we would like, always when we do the interview, we would like see the words "leader" or "leadership". it's like "I lead the blah blah task in what year and achieved the blah blah goals." this is something we are looking for in the CV. to see how the candidate quality. Then the next one is, of course, we will evaluate this by a test, okay? For example, you want to see your 100 points. two weeks you have a test first. You can see I achieved this in five days. This is for sales. Then another one is we talking about the encouraging. the good and the stars. of course, when you are in your teams, the team is doing great work. you should give the positive response. not just say some bad words to your team.

最后我想强调的是，领导力。这一点我想花点时间来讲一下。比如说，领导力首先意味着你要关心员工的积极性。所以，你需要具备基本的团队协作能力。当你有一个小团队，只有五六个人的时候，这很正常。有些人只是站在你旁边。什么也不做。很可能，作为主要负责人，所有的辛苦活都得你来做。其实，这样不太好。你需要说服你的队友，并激励他们参与到工作中来。共同实现更高的目标。接下来是设定目标。正如我之前所说，团队成员各自扮演着不同的角色。所以，你可以为其他同学安排一些任务，而不是都放在你自己身上。这一点在简历中很重要。每次面试时，我们都希望看到“领导者”或“领导力”这样的词汇。比如“我在某年领导了某某任务，并实现了某某目标”。这就是我们在简历中寻找的内容。以此来评估候选人的素质。接下来，当然，我们会通过测试来评估这一点，好吗？比如，你想看看自己能达到100分。那么两周后，你会先进行一次测试。你可以看到，我在五天内就完成了。这是针对销售岗位的。另外一个是，我们讨论的是激励。好的表现和明星员工。当然，当你在团队中，团队表现出色时，你应该给予积极的反馈。而不仅仅是对团队说一些负面评价。

Okay, the next one is number. This one I think is easy. Most of you already see some figures and tables. So this is analysis skills to do some statistical analysis in here. I think you guys are part of the engineering course, you will see quite a lot of this.

好的，下一个是数字。我觉得这个很简单。你们大多数人已经见过一些图表和数据了。所以，这里需要的是分析技能，来进行一些统计分析。我想你们都是工程专业的学生，所以会经常看到这些内容。

to arrange the reference. So this is the IT. The second one is the spirit shift. I think it's something you have to be warned. presentation we will learn tomorrow, database we have already have done. We have the library, we have some database. but mostly this database is talking about the unit of seat. I have several folders to save the all the papers. from 1970s. So that is the database for myself. the next one we are talking about the source information from the internet. Now internet is very powerful. You can search quite a lot. Basically, I personally study information from internet. Now it's different from the library and the books. So that is the network, the national data network. The next one is the broadband to internet. It's a bigger, some big holes for your needs. So you hear now anything I want to say is this is something we can apply. this is the AI model. you can see here. So for your generation, that's quite enough. So in your area, in your time, I believe the AI stuff will be in your home everywhere. let me just ask a general question, just start a new chat. also the industry, especially in America and Europe, they are ready for to be active in autonomous manufacturing. For example, in the car industry, the Toyota already deployed the AI. in the state of the art factory. So AI is not just a big language model. It can also help the human to improve their working efficiency. So start to learn AI, if you want to. There are quite a lot of coding work has been done by AI. but according to the experts, 50% of the coding is rubbish. so you need to start to think about that. You need to start to learn the AI. However, you still need a leader. in your job. AI is just a tool. only your boss. So that is something I want to make you clear.

来整理参考文献。所以，这就是信息技术的应用。第二个是思维转变。我认为这是大家必须警惕的一点。演示技巧我们明天会讲，数据库我们已经学过了。我们有图书馆，也有一些数据库。但这里的数据库主要讲的是座位单位。我有几个文件夹来存放所有的论文。从20世纪70年代开始的。所以，这就是我自己的数据库。接下来我们要讲的是来自互联网的信息来源。现在，互联网非常强大。你可以搜索到很多内容。基本上，我个人就是从互联网上获取信息的。这与图书馆和书籍不同。这就是网络，国家数据网络。下一个是宽带互联网。它更大，能满足一些更大的需求。所以，你听到了。我想说的是，这是我们可以应用的东西。这就是AI模型。你可以在这里看到。对于你们这一代人来说，这就足够了。所以，在你们这个时代，我相信AI技术将会无处不在，进入你们的家庭。让我先问一个一般性的问题，开启一个新的讨论。另外，在工业界，特别是在美国和欧洲，他们已经准备好积极参与自主制造。比如，在汽车行业中，丰田已经应用了人工智能。在其最先进的工厂里。所以，人工智能不仅仅是一个大型语言模型。它还能帮助人类提升工作效率。所以，如果你想的话，就开始学习人工智能吧。现在有很多编程工作已经由人工智能完成了。但据专家称，其中50%的代码都是垃圾。所以，你需要开始思考这个问题。你需要开始学习人工智能。然而，你仍然需要一个领导者。在你的工作中。人工智能只是一种工具。只有你的老板才是。所以，这就是我想让大家明确的一点。

next one, idea, your computer. i see that lots of students are very, very messy computer. I don't know what. start from Microsoft 365 or WPS. have a good skills in the word. nowadays there are lots other softwares such the software to do writing. you can also use a language model to prepare the paper. we are also very encourage to do that. also have the reference, right? because for example when you write the essay, you probably have, let's say, over 50 reference. you can also use some software called EndNote.

接下来是，想法，你的电脑。我发现很多学生的电脑都非常杂乱。我也不知道为什么。从Microsoft 365或WPS开始。在Word中掌握一些实用技巧。现在还有很多其他软件，比如一些写作软件。你也可以使用语言模型来撰写论文。我们也非常鼓励大家这样做。还有参考文献，对吧？因为比如说，当你写论文的时候，你可能会有超过50篇参考文献。你也可以使用一款叫做EndNote的软件。

so commercial awareness this is something new. for you guys, start to have this idea. you need to protect your innovative idea. in the future. don't just give your idea to other people. when other people steal and make a patent, especially IP. that means both your idea is gone.

所以，商业意识是一个新概念。大家应该开始树立这种意识。你需要保护你的创新想法。在未来。不要把你的想法轻易告诉别人。因为一旦别人窃取并申请了专利，尤其是知识产权。那就意味着你的想法彻底没了。

or around the world.

或者遍布全球的用户。

also we are looking about the ways to tackle existing problem, always into the problem, how can you solve the problem, thinking outside the box. right, the i c involve the original input. okay, that's in here. After you have all of this, you need to write the i c in here. so i think i'm gonna pass to the next one, which is the next one. this is something new. commercialize. talking about the money, remember? right? so commercial awareness, this is something new, right? so, you know, let's thinking about this. you can have some chain of sight here. you can see in america, lots of the successful guys, stop at the ordinary university. because in one day maybe you have some genius idea to build a what kind of new company and you should master now you know the ai is so popular. and a very good apps. now you need to think about how to convert the innovative idea to a industry available things. which you can become rich or make your financial impact. that is in university from starting from now you need to think about how to protect your innovative idea. and also seek the legal and the finance advice. so Heriot-Watt University has a department called RAG. Research Enterprise Team. They are working for you guys, the students. and the lecturers. and help us to convert the innovative ideas to financial success. So in here we are talking about the IP. We are talking about the patent. So this is something new. You need to think about this. You want to protect your ideas, right? So you can see in here is protect your new ideas, new story. and also ability to project the skills. and all of this you can see we are talking about a very customer focus. it's because your innovative idea will have a financial impact. Actually, the financial impact is coming from your customer. For example, you do some like a very good apps here. so who is your market? how big of your market? China has a huge significant market in here. When you build a smartphone, you have some very good new smartphone. maybe you can reach lots of guys with those smartphone in China.

此外，我们也在寻找解决现有问题的方法。总是去思考问题，以及如何解决问题。也就是要跳出固有思维。没错，创新就包含原创的输入。好的，就在这里。有了这些之后，你需要在这里写出你的创意。所以我想接下来交给下一位，也就是下一位。这是一个新内容。那就是商业化。说到钱，还记得吗？对吧？所以，商业意识是一个新内容，对吧？那么，现在让我们来思考一下这个问题。你可以从这里开始联想。大家可以看到，在美国，很多成功人士，都毕业于普通大学。因为也许有一天，你会产生一个天才的想法，创办一家新的公司，而你需要掌握现在众所周知的AI知识。以及开发出一款非常优秀的应用程序。现在，你需要思考如何将创新的想法转化为行业可用的产品。这样你就能致富，或者产生财务影响。所以，在大学期间，从现在开始，你就需要思考如何保护你的创新想法。同时，还要寻求法律和财务方面的建议。赫瑞瓦特大学有一个部门叫做RAG。即研究与企业团队。他们是为你们学生服务的。还有讲师们。他们帮助我们将这些创新想法转化为财务上的成功。所以，在这里我们讨论的是知识产权。我们讨论的是专利。所以，这是一些新的内容。你需要考虑这一点。你想保护你的想法，对吧？所以你可以看到，这里是为了保护你的新想法、新故事。还有展示技能的能力。所有这些，你可以看到，我们都在谈论以客户为中心。这是因为，你的创新想法会产生财务影响。实际上，这种财务影响来自于你的客户。举个例子，你开发了一些非常好的应用程序。那么，你的目标市场是谁？你的市场规模有多大？中国在这里拥有巨大且重要的市场。当你制造智能手机时，你推出了一些非常出色的新产品。也许你能覆盖中国大量使用智能手机的用户。

the next one is the critical thinking. this is only you are a smart mind. and have something like a different way of thinking. this will normally introduce your personal project. when you do the personal project, you are straight to have this critical thinking. so some guys can really have some good ideas. when we see. and we also, i think our work also provide the summer project. this is something if you are interested. the summer holiday is normally from the end of the June. to September 1st. so it's three months. Heriot-Watt provide, I think, each year, ten positions for top students in the summer project. and it's really worth it because as a lecturers, you find yourself a real chance to work. so we are looking for some people with the ideas.

接下来是批判性思维。这只有聪明的人才能做到。并且要有与众不同的思维方式。这通常会介绍你的个人项目。当你做个人项目时，你就能直接培养这种批判性思维。所以有些人确实能想出很好的点子。我们确实看到了这一点。而且我认为，我们的工作也提供了暑期项目。如果你感兴趣的话，这是一个不错的选择。暑假通常从六月底开始。一直到九月一日。所以是三个月。赫瑞瓦特每年都会为优秀学生提供大约十个暑期项目的名额。这非常值得，因为作为讲师，你会得到一个真正的工作机会。所以我们正在寻找有想法的人。

and we are also talking about the division plan. normally the division plan will change. during your project.

我们还在讨论规划划分的问题。通常情况下，规划划分是会变化的。就在你的项目进行过程中。

networking and the context, this is also you guys study. build your own network. this class, even you can make a lot of friends. in your room, as your classmate or roommate. discuss all this with him. they probably from the different department of the school, they might have the different experts. so do the networking at the university.

人脉和背景，这也是你们需要学习的。要建立自己的人脉网络。在这门课上，你甚至可以交到很多朋友。比如在你的房间里，和你的同学或室友。可以和他讨论所有这些。他们可能来自学校的不同部门，拥有不同的专业知识。所以，在大学里要多建立人脉。

so this is something different how you make something start as soon as possible. make an initial plan. when you have the task together, first of all, working with teammates. sometimes you call the rest. ending of the day. also understand your resource. what kind of things you can borrow from the people, or also from the digital world.

所以，这与以往的做法有所不同。就是尽快让事情启动起来。制定一个初步计划。当你有任务要完成时，首先要与队友合作。有时候你会召集大家开会。在一天结束的时候。同时也要了解你的资源情况。你可以从别人那里借到什么，或者从数字世界中获取什么。

the next one is put some your strengths on. all of this work, your whole team is doing something to reach the target. so this is the thing for the last box. the next one is action, okay? there is a combination. The combination is everywhere. this is the real part. some of the university, the resources. so they only have the combination here. so how can you resolving the complexity? maybe through members. this is the inside. also outside, there are all members. so really the toughest guys are your members, your director.

接下来，就是把你的优势发挥出来。所有这些工作，你们的整个团队都在为实现目标而努力。这就是关于最后一个模块的内容。接下来是行动，好吗？这里有一个组合。组合无处不在。这才是真正的核心部分。比如大学里的资源。所以这里只有组合。那么，你该如何解决这种复杂性呢？也许可以通过成员来实现。这就是内部的情况。同样，外部也都是成员。所以，真正最厉害的人，就是你的成员和你的主管。

that is a contribution to your group. this is a part of the work. everyone has a different roles. maybe you are good at the electronic so you can start help you can be the the circuit of the robot. if you are good at the communication, maybe you can convince other people to do what you think about your strengths in there.

这就是你对团队的贡献。这是工作的一部分。每个人都有不同的角色。也许你擅长电子方面，那么你可以负责机器人的电路部分。如果你擅长沟通，也许你可以说服其他人按照你的想法去做。思考一下你自己的优势。

this one is i think start you thinking from now. team working, okay? because even now most of your assessment is still like based on the paper work. like examination. and we started to let you guys work together to have some team working. experiments. from my experience, what I heard is if you want to go to some finance company or like a top five investment bank, what actually involved in the interview is to have the team work. so the bank will provide one big problem. you will work with maybe another five guys to deliver a paper. to try to solve this. and according to this progress, the bank or the interviewers will examine your performance. so teamwork is very important. so from this, the first one is see your strength and weakness. are you a good guy to working with other people? just we saw this is generally the local students, especially the UK students are very good. They can work with different people, they meet to, and also provide a good leadership. so think about are you good at a team worker? we don't like really some very talented students. just a fighting one. the point is we try to give you the information of strategy, you should start thinking about how to work with other people.

我认为，你应该从现在开始思考这个问题。团队协作，明白吗？因为即使到现在，你的大部分评估仍然基于书面工作。比如考试。现在我们开始让你们一起合作，进行团队协作。进行实验。根据我的经验，我听到的是如果你想进入金融公司，或者像前五名的投资银行，面试中实际上涉及的内容是团队协作能力。所以银行会提供一个大型项目。你需要和另外五个人一起合作，完成一份报告。试图解决这个问题。根据这个项目的进展，银行或面试官会评估你的表现。所以，团队协作非常重要。那么，从这个角度来看，第一个问题就是了解你的优势和劣势。你擅长与他人合作吗？正如我们所见，一般来说，本地学生，尤其是英国学生，表现得非常出色。他们能够与不同的人合作，善于沟通，并且具备良好的领导力。所以，思考一下，你是否是一个优秀的团队合作者？我们并不喜欢那些虽然非常有才华，但却难以合作的人。我们的目的是向你提供策略信息，让你开始思考如何与他人合作。

the next one is the problem solving. this is also talking about overcoming problems. to achieve the things. so in the university, of course, you want to finish your class. for example, last year, what I heard is many ones students failed. and very unfortunate. so get some experience. overcoming the problem in your master your course. another one is to critical thinking. when you have the challenges, ask help, okay? you cannot pass the challenge by your own alone. ask the students, ask the lecturer around you. also search online. and the next one is talking about the electronic product preservation. all of this is help you to pass the challenge. when you have the new problem, of course, then you need rethink about the strategy. so that is talking about the problem solving. you have a good problem solving skills. What is your skills? you have solved the problem with the house.

接下来是问题解决。这也是关于克服问题。以实现目标。所以在大学里，当然，你想要完成课程。比如去年，我听说有很多学生挂科了。这非常遗憾。所以，要吸取经验教训。在修课过程中克服问题。还有一点是批判性思维。当你遇到挑战时，要寻求帮助，好吗？你不能独自克服挑战。可以向同学或身边的老师请教。也可以在网上搜索。接下来要讲的是电子产品的保养。所有这些都能帮助你克服挑战。当你遇到新的问题时，当然需要重新思考策略。所以，这就是关于解决问题的讨论。你需要具备良好的问题解决能力。那么，你的技能是什么？你如何解决这个问题？

so don't delay the deadline. we talk about the goals. usually everything is to reach your targets. if for the report, deliver a good report. if you are talking about the experiment, then on the way, pack the challenges. or other things to reach your goals. all of this you are doing, any of that, your mission is to reach your goals.

所以不要拖延。我们刚才讨论了目标。通常，一切都是为了实现你的业绩指标。如果是报告，就要提交一份高质量的报告。如果是关于实验的，那么在过程中要记录遇到的挑战。或者其他有助于实现目标的事情。你所做的这一切，无论是什么，你的使命都是为了实现目标。

meeting the deadline, i think this is the office way. i said i already give, this is the first year so i help you to summarize the deadlines for each of this paper. then for you guys, think about how to meet the deadline. i already give very clearly. finish your assessment seven days before

至于截止日期，我认为这是最有效的方法。我之前说过，我已经提供了，这是第一年，所以我帮助你们总结了每篇论文的截止日期。接下来，大家需要考虑如何按时完成。我已经讲得很清楚了。请在截止日期前七天完成评估。

the next one is planning and organization. nowadays, you can see, you guys might have more work more courses. because in your course you have to have our Heriot-Watt course and plus the local course. which means you are under a huge pressure. but actually the students in the other campuses, Edinburgh and Dubai, they have lots of spare time. because we only provide probably three hours per day actually. the rest is actually students need to learn by themselves. So at the other stage, you need a fighting of mind. So when you start to do your reading, when you start to do your assessment, and even besides all this, actually the students in the UK will do some part-time job. so we also see some students at supermarket to do some work. but they still can reach the first class. This is what my recommendation. You can do the part-time job, however, you should be a first class. That is some experience you can gain in this degree. Then after the four years, you'll go away with one of the degree, the first class, second class degree. And the second point is your experience. you have any finish your course, any extra experience. maybe company industry or other internship. that is show your leadership or show your ability here. so this is the plan is that we are talking about we are also talking about the using diary. nowadays people use to write down all of this. and use some students use for the outlook or the microsoft 365. outlook has a calendar. so actually you have plan your daily in your calendar. that is normally we do, okay? every day i will see my calendar how many meetings i have. with the external collaborator. i also have the diary. i will have a time still in my diary to meet my student. to see the research progress. so diary is essential. it is something i would suggest you guys start. if you have a digitalized one, the easy way is just go to the outlook, they have the calendar function. it's not only your email. it will work with email.

接下来是计划和组织。如今，大家可以看到，你们可能有更多的工作，更多的课程。因为在你们的课程中，必须包含赫瑞瓦特的课程，再加上当地的课程。这意味着你们面临着巨大的压力。但实际上，爱丁堡和迪拜其他校区的学生，有很多空闲时间。因为我们每天只提供大约三个小时的时间。剩下的时间，其实都需要学生自学。所以在另一个阶段，你需要有顽强的意志力。所以，当你开始阅读、开始做评估时，除此之外，英国的学生还会做一些兼职工作。所以我们也会看到一些学生在超市工作。但他们仍然能取得一等学位。这就是我的建议。你可以做兼职，但前提是必须保证拿到一等学位。这些就是你在攻读这个学位期间可以获得的经验。那么，四年之后，你会带着一个学位离开，可能是头等学位，也可能是二等学位。第二点是你的经验。当你完成课程后，是否有任何额外的经验？比如在公司或行业里的经历。或者其他实习经历。这些都能体现你的领导能力或综合素质。所以，这就是我们今天要讨论的计划。我们还在讨论使用日记。现在很多人都会把这些都写下来。有些学生使用Outlook或者Microsoft 365。Outlook有一个日历功能。所以，实际上你可以在日历里规划你的日常安排。我们通常都是这么做的，明白吗？每天我都会查看我的日历，看看有多少会议。包括与外部合作方的会议。我还有日记。我在日记里也会安排时间与学生见面。以了解研究进展。所以，日记是非常重要的。我建议大家也可以开始使用。如果你有数字化的日程安排，最简单的方法就是打开Outlook，那里有日历功能。它不仅仅用于收发邮件。它也可以与邮件配合使用。

The next one is giving clear and instructions. This you will have this next week. You will have some lab exercise. At the last stage, you will you guys will be five or six people as one group. finish one package. At the last stage, you will see some guys is really good at the teamwork. some guys just like the next week. and presenting your ideas, all this is what you need to thinking about. think about what you do is good way or in bad way. and how can you make it good.

下一个是给出清晰的指示。这个你们下周就会做。会有一些实验练习。在最后阶段，你们将以五六人为一组。完成一个项目。在最后阶段，你们会发现有些人非常擅长团队合作。而有些人则不然，就像下周的情况一样。以及如何展示你的想法，这些都是你需要思考的。想想你的做法是好的还是坏的。以及如何让它变得更好。

All right, the next one is oral communication. So this I want to highlight because most students coming from China when they go to the UK, they will stay in their circle. they don't like talk with other guys. So the strategy we have is we make a project the team project. We especially keep the Chinese students work with the foreigner. So we force them to work together. train their English or train their communication skills. So this is including the presentation. we'll talk about your idea or share your idea with with your guys. So the next one is actually interesting one is the defend your idea. When you have some good ideas, you want to share with your teammates. However, yeah, he's agree with you. At that point, we don't want to be violent with each other. we would like to think about the defend your ideas at all first. using others, use your own point. This is including some skills.

好的，下一个是口头沟通。这一点我想重点强调，因为大多数来自中国的学生，到了英国后，都会待在自己的圈子里。他们不喜欢和别人交流。所以我们的策略是，做一个项目，也就是团队项目。我们特别安排中国学生和外国人一起合作。这样就能迫使他们一起工作。从而锻炼他们的英语和沟通技巧。这其中包括了演示环节。我们要讨论你的想法，或者与他人分享你的想法。和你的伙伴们。接下来这个其实很有趣，就是为你的观点辩护。当你有了好的想法，你就会想和队友分享。然而，他也同意你的看法。在那种情况下，我们不希望彼此发生冲突。我们更希望先考虑如何捍卫自己的观点。也就是用你自己的论据去说服别人。这其中包括了一些技能。

The next one is Heriot-Watt and Stirling. So this is more like talking about the language skills. I think you guys have the English language course. So that's why I understand it. We are basically help you first you will pass the IELTS test. That is essential when you go to the UK. get the visa. So Heriot-Watt and Stirling, this is your language skills. Another thing is there is now the software to help you to polish your technical report or other things. So try to use all this software.

下一个是赫瑞瓦特和斯特灵。所以，这更多是关于语言技能的。我想你们应该有英语课程。所以我能理解。我们主要是帮助你，首先通过雅思考试。当你去英国时，这是必不可少的。为了拿到签证。所以，赫瑞瓦特和斯特灵，考察的是你的语言技能。还有一点是，现在有软件可以帮助你润色技术报告或其他内容。所以，尽量使用这些软件。

Especially in a bar.

特别是在酒吧里。

we would like you start to make a plan in next two or three years. not just your report post, you can as well experience it. also we would like you to think about how can you improve your sale. i have a lot actually things you can learn. for example, tomorrow we will talk about the IET. the execution engineering and technology. from that after the post, you're gonna suffer a lot. you can get lots of the useful information from there. and it's free of this. because you know the big difference in the uk is the education system is different. because they have two main terms. they have quite a lot the holidays. for example, the summer holiday is like three months. actually the students, the local students, and quite a lot, they are all time to develop their own skills. for example, join the different activities, also have the internship in the in the industry. all of this kind of stuff in the first year undergraduate course. but there's still something different. so in the uk, we have to not just push you to learn the technical skills, they also would like you to participate in the real work. that is i think the main difference comparing here. as you guys will start the training in the uk education system, this is something, personally, i recommend that design is something you guys should like to emphasize. so this task we just give you the start. and this is up to you. it's not a part of the event. i'm not thinking about if it is as the assessment, then it's really it's problem. so in the uk actually every year, i think the personal tutor will discuss with the mentor or duties, to talk about the progress. and then they ask the student also make their own evaluation. because in here we have over 100 students. i'm not sure you guys have a personal tutor to discuss this. but in the uk, the students normally do this every, i think, one or two times. this is also including the phd students. for example, just last month, i did this stuff with one of the phd students. i was from other group. now i think she want to do is actually finish her phd next year. and then join the industry. i've already started the internship.

我们希望你们开始制定一个计划。在未来两到三年内。不仅仅是你的报告职位，你也可以去体验一下。另外，我们也希望你能思考一下，如何改进销售。其实有很多东西你可以学习。比如，明天我们会讨论IET。也就是执行工程与技术。从这个职位之后，你会经历很多挑战。但你能从那里获得很多有用的信息。而且它是免费的。因为，你知道，英国的一个很大区别是，教育体系不同。因为他们有两个主要学期。而且他们的假期很多。比如，暑假大约有三个月。实际上，当地的学生，有很多都有时间发展自己的技能。比如参加各种活动，或者去实习。在行业内实习。所有这些内容，在大一本科阶段都会涉及。但还是有一些不同之处。在英国，我们不仅要让你学习技术技能，还希望你参与实际工作。我认为这就是这里的主要区别。既然你们即将开始接受英国教育体系的培训，我个人建议，设计方面你们应该多加重视。所以，这个任务我们只是给你们一个开始。接下来就看你们自己了。这不属于课程的一部分。如果把它当作考核标准，那确实是个问题。其实在英国，每年个人导师都会与导师或负责人讨论，来了解学生的进展。然后他们会要求学生进行自我评估。因为在这里，我们有超过100名学生。我不确定你们是否有个人导师来讨论这个问题。但在英国，学生通常会每年做一到两次。这同样适用于博士生。比如，就在上个月，我和一位博士生就做了这件事。我来自另一个小组。我想她打算明年完成博士学位。然后进入业界工作。我已经开始实习了。

Ah.

啊。

[No discernible lecture content in this segment. The audio consists primarily of keyboard typing, mouse clicks, and faint indistinct background chatter with no transcribable instructional speech.]

[本段无可辨识的授课内容。音频主要为键盘敲击声、鼠标点击声及微弱的背景杂音，无清晰可转写的教学语音。]

Alright, it's not time yet. If this is the case, what we're going to do is have a ten-minute break. We come back at nine AM. The next one hour will be tutorial, so just review your yesterday's template or the system. I will still be here; if you have any questions, just let me know. Let's start the break.

好的，时间还没到。既然如此，我们先休息十分钟，九点回来。接下来一个小时是辅导课，大家可以复习昨天的模板或系统。我会一直在这里，如果有任何问题，随时告诉我。现在开始休息。

We also give the timescale on the slide for each section. That is the planning — how you plan for your next year. The other criterion for this assessment is very simple. As I said, this course is very simple, so you just do this in the next hour. So, any question about the professional development plan assessment?

我们还在幻灯片上给出了每个部分的时间安排，即规划——你如何规划下一年。本次考核的另一项标准非常简单。如我所说，这门课程非常简单，所以你只需在接下来的一小时内完成即可。那么，关于专业发展计划考核，大家有什么问题吗？

The evidence and the next-year plan — as we discussed initially, this is a continual progress. So maybe next year you can take this document back and read this information again based on the second-stage plan. All right, of course, this is the assessment in first year. This is our lecture strategy. You can really work on this. We will mark this. I think this is a total of five percent of marks in Canvas, five percent of your overall report. And we will give the marks for this. So you need to save this as a PDF and upload it to Canvas before the deadline. And let's see the Extended Y. The Extended Y is — you can see — extended evidence of skills and self-reflection.

证据与下一年度计划——正如我们最初所讨论的，这是一个持续推进的过程。所以明年你可以把这份文件拿回来，根据第二阶段计划重新阅读这些信息。好的，当然，这是第一年的考核内容。这是我们的讲座策略，你们可以认真准备。我们会对此进行评分。我认为这在Canvas上占总成绩的百分之五，即你整体报告的百分之五。我们会给出这部分分数。所以你需要将其保存为PDF格式，并在截止日期前上传到Canvas。接下来我们看Extended Y。Extended Y是——你们可以看到——技能与自我反思的扩展证据。

In the next row, you try to improve your rating. That is the key thing. We would like you to make a plan for the next one year to improve these skills. At the end of the row, you need to put a number for the rating that you want to achieve. For example, for written communication, you want to achieve probably seven or eight in one year. That is your target. And repeat this for different skills. Here we also put oral communication, planning and organization, and problem solving. This is something we discussed before. So you list individually. The key point is: we would like you to give the evidence and the timing in here. Please don't just put a rate in here. That is meaningless.

在下一行中，你要尝试提高自己的评分。这是关键所在。我们希望你为接下来的一年制定计划，以提升这些技能。在该行的末尾，你需要填写一个你希望达到的评分数字。例如，书面沟通方面，你可能希望在一年内达到七分或八分。这就是你的目标。然后对不同的技能重复这一过程。这里我们还列出了口头沟通、计划与组织以及问题解决。这些是我们之前讨论过的内容。所以你要逐一列出。关键点在于：我们希望你在表格中给出证据和时间安排。请不要仅仅填一个评分数字，那是没有意义的。

Rate your English on a scale of one to ten, where one is the lowest and ten is the highest. I think most of you are probably around five—four, five, six, somewhere around there. If you rate yourself as one, then you really think you are not enjoying English. I don't think people will pick ten. Rate yourself first. The most important thing here is that we would like you to make a plan to improve your skills. On the following page you will see examples. For instance, the first line is written communication. You will be given examples of why you rate that as, for example, five. Perhaps you have already written some reports for a company, or you have joined some presentations.

请用1到10的等级来评估你的英语水平，其中1是最低，10是最高。我认为你们大多数人大概在5左右——4、5、6，差不多在这个范围。如果你给自己打1分，那就说明你真的觉得自己在英语上没有任何乐趣。我想没有人会选10分。请先给自己打分。这里最重要的是，我们希望你们制定一个提升技能的计划。下一页你会看到一些示例。例如，第一行是书面沟通。你会看到一些例子来说明为什么你把它评为5分。也许你已经为某家公司写过报告，或者参加过一些演讲展示。

We will provide a document for you to study. This will appear at the head of your document: Professional Development Plan. In the next one hour after class, what you can do is download this document from the university website. The site is called the ID Programme University. First, you need to think about yourself. Going back to the first point—we were talking about written communication skills. How is your writing skill?

我们将提供一份文件供你们学习。这份文件将出现在你们文档的开头部分：专业发展计划。下课后的一小时内，你们可以从大学网站下载这份文件。该网站名为ID项目大学。首先，你们需要思考自身的情况。回到第一点——我们之前讨论过书面沟通技巧。你们的写作能力如何？

Another point is encouraging good response. When your team is doing great work, you should give positive response and feedback rather than negative words to your teammates. The last point highlighted here is flexibility in fear. This means using all working extra hours when needed. For most Asian students, this is no problem. It also means going the extra mile for your goals. All of this constitutes flexibility in fear. You need to consider how flexibility will help when you truly face challenging cases. The approach may simply be to let it go.

另一个要点是鼓励良好回应。当你的团队表现出色时，你应给予积极的反馈，而非对队友说消极的话。这里强调的最后一点是恐惧中的灵活性。这意味着在需要时投入额外的加班时间。对大多数亚洲学生而言，这并非问题。它也意味着为你的目标多走一步。所有这些构成了恐惧中的灵活性。你需要思考灵活性在你真正面对具有挑战性的情况时将如何发挥作用。应对方式也许就是放手。

Have a target. The next one is establishing goals. As I said, different students may take on roles in their team, so you can arrange some tasks for other students that demonstrate your leadership. In the CV, or during the interview, we would like to see the words "leader" or "leadership"—for example, "I completed a certain task in a given year and achieved certain goals." This is what we look for in the CV to assess how the candidate performed. The next point is that we will of course evaluate the final thesis. For example, if you sold 100 pounds' worth of goods and acquired new customers, you could write: "I achieved this sales target in five days."

要有目标。下一点是确立目标。正如我之前所说，不同学生在团队中可能承担不同角色，因此你可以为其他学生安排一些任务，以展示你的领导力。在简历中，或在面试时，我们希望看到"leader"或"leadership"这样的字眼——例如，"我在某一年完成了某项任务并达成了某些目标。"这正是我们在简历中关注的，用以评估候选人的表现。下一点是，我们当然会评估最终的毕业论文。例如，如果你售出了价值100英镑的商品并获得了新客户，你可以写道："我在五天内达成了这一销售目标。"

The next one is numbers. This one I think is easy. Most of you are pretty good at figures and tables. So this is another analysis skill — use statistics. Statistics is another analysis skill here. I think you guys are part of the engineering course at Heriot-Watt University. The last one I want to highlight is leadership. Leadership — the first part is motivation. You need to convince your team. This is quite normal. When you have a small team of five or six people, some guys just stand next to you doing nothing, and you probably make them do all the hard work. But actually that is not good. You need to convince your teammates and motivate them to be involved in the work.

下一项是数字。这一项我认为比较简单，你们大多数人对数据和表格都很擅长。所以这是另一项分析技能——运用统计学。统计学是这里的另一项分析技能。我想你们都是赫瑞瓦特大学工程课程的学生。最后一项我要重点强调的是领导力。领导力——第一部分是激励。你需要说服你的团队。这很常见。当你有一个五六人的小团队时，有些人就站在你旁边什么都不做，而你可能让他们承担所有的辛苦工作。但实际上这样并不好。你需要说服你的队友，激励他们参与到工作中来。

AI is more than just a big language model. AI can also help with human efficiency, improve marketing efficiency. So start learning AI, think more about it. There is quite a lot of coding work that has been done by AI. But according to experts, fifty percent of coding is rubbish. So using standard tools, learn AI, how it works, be a leader in your job. AI is just a tool, not your boss. That is something I want to tell you here.

AI 不仅仅是一个大型语言模型。AI 还能帮助提升人的效率，改善营销效率。所以开始学习 AI，多思考它。已经有相当多的编码工作是由 AI 完成的。但据专家称，百分之五十的代码是垃圾。所以使用标准工具，学习 AI，了解它的运作方式，在你的工作中成为领导者。AI 只是一个工具，不是你的老板。这就是我想在这里告诉你们的。

We have something called AI models. This is the slide here — this is the AI model you are going to be looking at. For your generation, at Heriot-Watt, in your time, AI will start popping up in your own career. It is not just a general chat or a general question; it is not just a chatbot. Also in industry, especially in manufacturing, they are already employing AI in the factory. That is why in the company...

我们有所谓的AI模型。这是幻灯片——这就是你们将要看到的AI模型。对于你们这一代人，在赫瑞瓦特，在你们的时代，AI将开始出现在你们自己的职业生涯中。它不仅仅是一个通用聊天或通用问答；它不仅仅是一个聊天机器人。此外在工业界，尤其是在制造业，他们已经在工厂中应用AI了。这就是为什么在公司里……

The second point is sharing — presentations, databases, and the library. We have a database where we store papers from IT services. I have several folders to save old papers received from IT services, and I maintain a personal database as well. The next point is sourcing information from the internet. The internet is very powerful nowadays; you can search for quite a lot of information online. In fact, you no longer need to go to the library to read books. That covers the network and database. The next point is roughly…

第二点是共享——包括演示文稿、数据库和图书馆。我们有一个数据库，用于存储来自IT服务的论文。我有几个文件夹来保存从IT服务收到的旧论文，同时我也维护一个个人数据库。下一个要点是从互联网获取信息。如今互联网非常强大，你可以在线搜索到大量信息。事实上，你不再需要去图书馆阅读书籍了。这部分涵盖了网络和数据库的内容。下一个要点大致是……

Next, IT and computer skills. As I mentioned, many students have only basic computer skills. Start with Microsoft 365 or WPS, and build good skills in Word. Nowadays, there are many other software tools available. You can also use a language model to prepare a paragraph. Regarding references, when you write essays, you may have over fifty references. You can use software such as EndNote to arrange them.

接下来是IT与计算机技能。正如我之前提到的，许多学生只具备基础的计算机能力。从Microsoft 365或WPS开始，培养良好的Word使用技能。如今还有许多其他软件工具可供选择。你也可以使用语言模型来准备段落。关于参考文献，当你撰写论文时，可能有超过五十条参考文献。你可以使用EndNote等软件来整理它们。

Smartphone — you have some very good new smartphones. Maybe you can do a research because there are lots of guys in the smartphone in China or around the world. Commercial awareness — this is something new for you guys. Start to have this idea in your mind: you need to protect your innovative ideas in the future. Don't just give your idea to other people. When other people steal and make a patent, especially IP, that is not your idea anymore.

智能手机——你们有一些非常好的新型智能手机。也许你们可以做一些调研，因为在中国乃至全世界都有很多做智能手机的企业。商业意识——这对你们来说是全新的概念。请开始在心里建立这个观念：你们需要在未来保护自己的创新想法。不要随意把自己的想法告诉别人。当别人窃取你的想法去申请专利，尤其是知识产权时，那就不再是你的想法了。

Convert the innovative ideas into businesses. So in here we are talking about the IP, we are talking about the patent. This is something new. You have to protect your ideas. You can see in here is protect your new ideas, new stories, and also ability to project the skills, all of this. And all of this, we are talking about awareness of customer focus. It's because your innovative idea will have a financial impact. Actually, the financial impact is coming from your customer. For example, you look at some of the apps here. Who is your market? How big is your market? China has a huge, significant market area.

将创新想法转化为商业。这里我们讨论的是知识产权，是专利。这是一个全新的领域。你必须保护你的想法。你可以看到，这里包括保护你的新想法、新故事，以及展示技能的能力，所有这些。而所有这些，我们讨论的是客户意识。因为你的创新想法会产生财务影响。实际上，财务影响来自你的客户。例如，你看这里的一些应用程序。谁是你的市场？你的市场有多大？中国拥有巨大且重要的市场区域。

One day, maybe you have a genius idea to build a new kind of company — like Elon Musk, who leverages AI to create highly successful apps and ventures. Then you need to think about how to convert an innovative idea into industry-available products that can make you financially rich. As a university student, you need to think about how to protect your innovative idea, and also seek legal and financial advice from the university. Heriot-Watt University has a department called RED — Research Enterprise Development. They work with students and lecturers, academics, to help them bring their ideas forward.

有一天，也许你会有一个天才般的想法，去创建一种新型公司——比如埃隆·马斯克，他利用人工智能打造出非常成功的应用和企业。那么你就需要思考如何将一个创新想法转化为可供行业使用的产品，从而让自己实现财务上的富有。作为大学生，你需要思考如何保护自己的创新想法，同时也要向大学寻求法律和财务方面的建议。赫瑞瓦特大学设有一个叫做RED的部门——即研究企业发展部（Research Enterprise Development）。他们与学生和讲师、学者合作，帮助他们推进自己的想法。

When writing terms, find out the real challenge and what to care about. Put together people's ideas. Also, look at problems in ways that can exist. A problem always contains a solution — how can you solve the problem? Think outside the box with innovative ideas. Writing the IC involves originality. After you have all of this, write the IC here. I think you should understand this point. Next one — this is something new: commercialization. Forget about the money at first, but remember to come back to the money, right? Commercial awareness — this is something new. In terms of knowledge, let's think about this. If you look at some case studies, you can see that in America, lots of successful people started from the university.

撰写条款时，要找出真正的挑战以及需要关注什么，把大家的想法整合在一起。同时，用可行的方式看待问题。一个问题总是包含一个解决方案——你该如何解决这个问题？用创新思维跳出框框思考。撰写IC（创新挑战）需要原创性。当你具备了以上所有内容后，就可以在此处撰写IC。我想大家应该理解这一点了。下一个——这是一个新内容：商业化。一开始先忘掉钱，但记住最终要回到钱上来，对吧？商业意识——这也是一个新概念。在知识层面，我们来思考一下。如果你看一些案例研究，你会发现，在美国，很多成功人士都是从大学起步的。

The company's initial plan may change during your project. The next slide covers brainstorming. Being smart means having different or innovative ideas. This is typically relevant when you work on a personal project. During a personal project, you can brainstorm and engage in creative thinking. Sometimes you can really come up with good ideas this way. Heriot-Watt also provides summer projects. As I mentioned, the summer holiday runs from the end of June to September — two or three months. Each year, Heriot-Watt offers tens of positions for students in summer projects, and it is a really good opportunity for students.

公司的初始计划在项目执行过程中可能会发生变化。下一张幻灯片介绍的是头脑风暴。所谓聪明，就是能提出与众不同或富有创意的想法。这通常与你做个人项目时相关。在做个人项目时，你可以进行头脑风暴，开展创造性思维，有时确实能从中获得很好的想法。赫瑞瓦特还提供暑期项目。正如我之前提到的，暑假从六月底持续到九月，大约两到三个月。每年赫瑞瓦特都会为学生提供数十个暑期项目的岗位，这对学生来说是一个非常好的机会。

Building your own network is complex. You can make friends not only in this class but also with your roommates and classmates in your dorm. In this class, you are always with the same group of people. They are probably from different departments and may have different areas of expertise. So it is important to network at the university.

建立自己的人脉网络是复杂的。你不仅可以在课堂上结交朋友，还可以在宿舍里与室友和同学成为朋友。在这门课上，你始终与同一群人在一起。他们很可能来自不同的院系，拥有不同的专业领域。因此，在大学里进行人际网络的拓展非常重要。

Internal members versus external members — those inside and outside the organization. You need to establish a leadership team. This is something different from how you make an initial plan, getting something started as soon as possible. When you have a task, you work with your teammates. This is sometimes called rest mode — thinking about all of this. You must also understand your resources: what kind of things you can borrow from people, from yourself, and also from the physical world. Networking and…

内部成员与外部成员——即组织内部和外部的人员。你需要建立一个领导团队。这与制定初步计划、尽快让某件事启动是不同的。当你有一项任务时，你会与队友协作。这有时被称为休息模式——对这一切进行思考。你还必须了解自己的资源：你能从他人那里、从自己身上、以及从物理世界中借用哪些东西。人脉网络以及……

Your role in the group—this is part of the work. Everyone has a different role in your group. Maybe you are good at electronics, so you can be the person who designs the circuit. If you are good at communication, maybe you can convince the other people in your group. Think about your strengths in your group. The next point is resources. Your whole team needs to do something to reach the target, reach the milestones. This is important for the past course. The next point is competition. There is competition everywhere. This is the real world outside the university. Resources are limited, so you will have competitors here. How can you resolve conflicts?

你在小组中的角色——这是工作的一部分。每个人在小组中都有不同的角色。也许你擅长电子学，那么你可以负责设计电路。如果你擅长沟通，也许你可以说服小组中的其他人。思考一下你在小组中的优势。下一个要点是资源。你的整个团队需要做一些事情来达到目标、达到里程碑。这对于之前的课程很重要。下一个要点是竞争。竞争无处不在。这就是大学之外的真实世界。资源是有限的，所以你在这里会有竞争对手。你如何解决冲突？

This progress feedback will examine your performance. The first aspect is to identify your strengths and weaknesses — specifically, whether you are a good person to work with others. Generally, local students, especially UK students, are very good at this; they can work with different people, having interacted with their own supervisors and leadership. The key question is: are you a good team worker? We do not value students who are individually talented but difficult to collaborate with. The purpose of providing this information is to encourage you to reflect on how to work effectively with other people.

这一进度反馈将评估你的表现。第一个方面是识别你的优势与不足——具体来说，你是否是一个善于与他人合作的人。通常，本地学生，尤其是英国学生，在这方面做得很好；他们能够与不同的人共事，因为他们已经与自己的导师和管理层有过互动。核心问题是：你是否是一个优秀的团队工作者？我们并不看重那些个人能力突出但难以协作的学生。提供这些信息的目的是促使你反思如何与他人有效合作。

This relates to teamwork. Even now, most of your assessments are still based on paperwork, such as examinations. But over the years, we have started to incorporate teamwork elements. From my experience, what I have heard is that if you want to join a finance company or a top-five investment bank, what is actually involved in the interview is a teamwork assessment. The bank will provide one big problem, and you will work with maybe another five people you have never met before to try to solve it.

这与团队合作有关。即便现在，你们的大部分考核仍然基于纸面工作，例如考试。但多年来，我们已经开始融入团队合作的元素。根据我的经验，我了解到，如果你想进入金融公司或五大投资银行，面试中实际包含的是团队合作评估。银行会提供一个大问题，你需要与另外五个素未谋面的人一起尝试解决它。

Alarming is asking for help, getting some experience, spending some time on the course, and overcoming the problem. Alarming is your critical thinking. When you have challenges, ask for help. You cannot fight the challenge by yourself alone. Ask the students, ask the lecturers around you, also search online. The next one is talking about planning strategies and problem strategies. All of this helps you to fight challenges. When you have a new problem, of course, then you need to be thinking about the strategy. Another is talking about problem solving. You have good problem solving skills—what are the skills you have?

预警（Alarming）是寻求帮助、获取经验、在课程上投入时间并克服困难。预警就是你的批判性思维。当你面临挑战时，要寻求帮助。你不能独自对抗挑战。向同学请教，向身边的讲师请教，也可以在网上搜索。下一个讲的是规划策略和问题策略。所有这些都能帮助你应对挑战。当你遇到新问题时，当然需要思考策略。另一个讲的是问题解决。你具备良好的问题解决技能——你拥有哪些技能？

The next point is goals. We talk about goals that you use every day to reach your targets. For example, delivering a good report, completing experiments, or tackling challenges—these are all directly related to reaching goals. Everything you are doing is to reach a certain target. The next point is problem solving. This is also about overcoming problems to achieve things. In the university, of course, you want to finish your classes. But I heard that many students failed last year.

下一个要点是目标。我们讨论的是你每天用来达成目标的那些目标。例如，提交一份优秀的报告、完成实验或应对挑战——这些都与达成目标直接相关。你所做的一切都是为了达到某个特定的目标。下一个要点是解决问题。这同样是关于克服困难以取得成就。在大学里，你当然希望完成你的课程。但我听说去年有很多学生挂科了。

When I meet with my students, I can actually see their research progress. Deadlines are essential. I would suggest you guys start looking at them. If you want to meet a deadline, the easiest way is to go through the Outlook calendar function, because otherwise you may forget the work in your email. Regarding meeting the deadline, since this is the first year, I will help summarize the deadlines for each assignment, and then you guys think about how to meet the deadline.

当我与学生见面时，我可以了解他们的研究进展。截止日期至关重要，我建议大家开始关注它们。如果你想按时完成，最简单的方法是使用Outlook日历功能，否则你可能会忘记邮件中的任务。关于截止日期，由于这是第一年，我会帮助总结每项作业的截止时间，然后你们自己思考如何按时完成。

There is a planner that we are talking about managing the plan. We are also talking about using a diary. Nowadays, I do not think people use it to write down all the days. Some students do not know Outlook, which comes with Microsoft 365. Outlook has a calendar, so actually you have planned your day on your calendar. That is normally what we do. Every day I will write in my calendar how many meetings I have with external collaborators. I also have a diary.

我们谈到规划时，会用到计划本来管理日程安排。我们还会使用日记本。如今，我认为人们不再用它来记录每一天的事情了。有些学生不了解Outlook，它随Microsoft 365一起提供。Outlook有一个日历功能，你实际上可以在日历上规划自己的一天。这通常就是我们的做法。每天我都会在日历上写下与外部合作者的会议数量。我也有一个日记本。

However, students in the other campuses—Edinburgh and Dubai—have lots of spare time because we only provide roughly three hours per day of lectures. The rest is students learning by themselves. At that stage, when you start to read and do your own research, and besides all this, students in the UK will also do some part-time jobs. We see some students going to supermarkets to do some work, but this is still compatible with achieving a first class. This is not a competition—you can do a part-time job and still achieve a first class at university. That is experience you can bring with you. After the four years, overall, one part is that you can have a first class...

然而，其他校区——爱丁堡和迪拜——的学生有大量空闲时间，因为我们每天只提供大约三小时的课程，其余时间都是学生自学。在那个阶段，当你开始阅读、做自己的研究时，除此之外，英国的学生还会做一些兼职工作。我们看到一些学生去超市打工，但这与获得一等学位并不矛盾。这不是一个非此即彼的竞争——你既可以兼职，也可以在大学获得一等学位。那是你可以带走的经验。四年之后，总体而言，一方面你可以获得一等学位……

The next point is planning and organizing. Nowadays, you may have more courses because you need to take both the Heriot-Watt course and the local course, which means you are under huge pressure.

下一个要点是计划与组织。如今，你们可能需要修读更多课程，因为既要修赫瑞瓦特的课程，也要修本地课程，这意味着你们承受着巨大的压力。

We don't want to compete with each other. We would like to think that your ideas come first. We want you to use your own points. These are some skills. The next one is following clear instructions. You will have this next week. Next week we will have some lab exercises. At that stage, you will be five or six people as one group, finishing one package or one experiment. At that stage, you will see some guys really do hard work, and some guys just…

我们不想彼此竞争。我们希望你们的想法优先。我们希望你们运用自己的观点。这些是一些技能。 下一个是遵循清晰的指示。你们下周会接触到这个内容。下周我们将进行一些实验练习。到那个阶段，你们将以五到六人为一组，完成一个项目包或一项实验。到那时，你们会看到有些人确实非常努力，而有些人只是……

You need to deliver a presentation, sharing your ideas with your group members. The next slide addresses an important scenario: when you have good ideas you want to share with your teammates, but they disagree with you. At that point—

你需要进行一次展示，与小组成员分享你的想法。下一张幻灯片讨论了一个重要情境：当你有好想法想与队友分享，但他们不同意时，在那个时刻——

The next slide is about grammar and spelling. This is more about language skills. Heriot-Watt has an English language course for understanding. Basically, first you need to pass the IELTS test. That is essential when you go to the UK and fill in the visa application form overseas. Grammar and spelling are your language skills. Another thing is there is now software to help you polish your technical report or other things. Try to use all this software.

下一张幻灯片讲的是语法和拼写，这更多涉及语言技能。赫瑞瓦特大学开设了一门英语语言课程，旨在帮助理解。基本上，你首先需要雅思考试达标，这在赴英填写海外签证申请表时是必要的。语法和拼写属于你的语言技能。另外，现在有软件可以帮助你润色技术报告或其他文档，尽量善用这些软件。

Nowadays, teamwork is really the key. You should think about how to work with others — not fighting with people, but communicating with people. Another important topic is critical thinking, which we will discuss later.

如今，团队合作是真正的关键。你们应该思考如何与他人协作——不是与人对抗，而是与人沟通。另一个重要话题是批判性思维，我们稍后会讨论。

All right. Let's talk about the development plan. This is just to give you some pointers on parts of the section we would like you to think about yourselves. This is self-thinking. Starting from written communication—this is a key part of your course. As you can see, from yesterday you started to write the technical report, even if it is just a template. But next week, after you finish Lab 5, you will start writing your first technical report. When I was an undergraduate student at Heriot-Watt, I think we wrote a report every one week because we had lots of lab works.

好，我们来谈谈发展计划。这里只是给大家一些提示，指出我们希望你们自己思考的部分。这是自我思考。从书面交流开始——这是你们课程的关键部分。正如你们所见，从昨天起你们已经开始撰写技术报告了，即使目前只是一个模板。但下周，在完成实验5之后，你们将开始撰写第一份技术报告。我本科在赫瑞瓦特就读时，我想我们每周都要写一份报告，因为我们有大量的实验作业。

In the summer holidays, which last about three months, local students find their own time to develop soft skills. For example, they join different activities and also undertake internships in industry. All of this happens in the first year and is not directly part of the taught curriculum. This is something different in the UK. We have projects which allow you to learn technical skills that are also related to the real world. That is the main difference compared to India. As you start training in the UK education system, this is something new to you. So for this task, we just give you the starting point, and the rest is up to you. It is not a degree model where everything is prescribed.

在大约三个月的暑假期间，本地学生会利用自己的时间发展软技能。例如，他们参加不同的活动，也在行业中进行实习。所有这些都发生在第一年，并不直接属于课堂教学内容。这是英国教育的不同之处。我们有项目让你学习技术技能，这些技能也与现实世界相关。这是与印度教育的主要区别。当你们开始接受英国教育体系的训练时，这对你们来说是全新的体验。所以对于这项任务，我们只是给你们一个起点，剩下的取决于你们自己。它不是一个一切都规定好的学位模式。

We would like you to start making plans for the next two or three years—not just the four courses you gain experience in here, but also think about how you can improve yourself after the course. There are many things you can do. For example, tomorrow we will talk about the IET and the student membership period. After the course, during summer time, you can get lots of useful information from their official web page; it is free of fees. Another thing—the big difference in the UK is that the education system is different. They have two main terms, and they have quite a lot of holidays.

我们希望大家开始为未来两到三年做规划——不仅仅是在这里修读的四门课程所获得的经验，还要思考课程结束后如何提升自己。可以做的事情有很多。例如，明天我们将介绍IET及其学生会员期。课程结束后，在暑假期间，你们可以从其官方网站获取大量有用的信息，而且完全免费。另外一点——英国的教育体系有很大不同，他们有两个主要学期，并且假期相当多。